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4T1 Tumor Model
The 4T1 tumor model utilizes the 4T1 cell line, due to its ability to closely mimic the tumor microenvironment and the behavior of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the 4T1 tumor model is ideal for preclinical TNBC studies.
Triple-negative breast cancer constitutes a significant portion of breast cancer cases that are reported per year worldwide. Although diagnosis of early-stage cancer benefits significantly from established treatments, therapeutics are in limited availability for advanced metastatic varieties of breast cancer, one of the most prevalent forms of cancer in women throughout the United States.
We have characterized the 4TI mouse model of mammary gland cancer expressed as a flank model in BALB/c mice for study of primary tumors and late-stage metastatic disease. Our model is easily adaptable to suit your therapeutic inquiries and downstream analyses.
Fast Growing and Reproducible
The fast-growing tumors in our 4TI syngeneic model allow for efficient and reproducible analysis of therapeutic agents.
Metastatic Potential
The 4TI cell line spontaneously metastasizes in mice, spreading to the lung, liver, lymph nodes, brain and bone, providing a viable platform for late-stage drug discovery.
4TI Mouse Mammary Cancer Model
4T1 is highly tumorigenic, highly invasive, and spontaneously metastasized from the primary tumor site that can be investigated in a flank or orthotopic model.
4TI is a murine mammary carcinoma cell line originally derived from a subpopulation of spontaneously arising mammary tumor of a mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) positive BALB/c mouse foster nursed on a C3H mother. It resembles human metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with the lack of the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).
Brca1 and Brca2 genes are not mutated within the 4TI cell line.
The 4TI cell line is resistant to 6-thioguanine (6-TG) and ChEBI.
The 4TI cell line is characterized by mutations within the Trp53 and Pik3cg genes. Other mutations among cancer-related genes include Nav3, Cenpf, Muc5ac, Mpp7, Gas1, Maged2, Dusp1, Ros1, Polr2a, Rragd and Hoxa9.
Highly or Overexpressed: Top2a, Birc5 and Mki67 (markers for cell proliferation), Msln, Ect2 and Plk1 (markers for metastasis) Pbk and Gpa33 (cancer antigens), Epcam, Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I.
Downregulated or Not Expressed: MCH Class II, Gas1 (involved in growth suppression), Vegfa and Egfr (growth factors), Acly and Akt2 (metabolic regulation).
(Schrörs et al. 2020)
Common treatments include chemotherapeutics (Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide, 5-Fluorouracil, Cisplatin) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (Anti-PD-1 and Anti-PD-L1).
Commonly Requested Endpoints
Histopathology
Our customizable histopathological analysis can help evaluate tumor microenvironments, track tumor progression and metastases and inform treatment decisions.
Flow Cytometry
Our flow cytometry expertise can help characterize tumor-infiltration T lymphocytes, identity immune biomarkers, and so much more.
Frequently Asked Questions
No, Ichor has many banked cell lines available, including the 4TI line.
On average, it takes about two weeks to grow and culture the cells from injection.
An orthotopic model may represent the tumor microenvironment more accurately compared to a subcutaneous flank model. This may significantly affect the immune response and impact treatment.
Due to the aggressive nature of the model, a combination of therapeutics may be most effective in tumor suppression.